![]() ![]() The chemical route includes the sol–gel method, hydrothermal method, solvothermal method, cathodic reduction, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The photocatalytic process achieved ~5% efficiency of solar to hydrogen, which is the highest efficiency for a single material.Ĭobalt oxide can be synthesized using various methods through a chemical or physical route. (2016) revealed that CoO can cleave water molecules without the addition of cocatalysts or sacrificial reagents. Ag/AgCl could be achieved at −0.50 mA cm −2, approximately. ![]() (2017) reported that photocurrent densities produced by Co 3O 4 for PEC performance at −0.4 V bias vs. Co 3O 4 and CoO are reportedly the most stable phases of cobalt oxide and are the most investigated materials for PEC water-splitting applications. Cobalt oxide is attractive because of its suitable optical band gap of ~2.00 eV, which falls within the favorable band gap range for visible light absorption. However, recently, cobalt oxide itself has also received considerable attention as a photocatalyst material. TiO 2, Cu 2O, WO 3, Fe 2O 3, and perovskites are among the semiconductor materials that have been extensively investigated as photoelectrodes, because these materials are highly abundant and require simple fabrication techniques and low-cost preparation processes. The present study showed that Co 3O 4 is photoactive under acidic conditions, which is encouraging for HER compared with the mixed-phase Co 3O 4/CoO. This promising photocurrent generation was due to the abundant source of protons, which was favorable for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in H 2SO 4 (pH 1). This photocurrent corresponded to an 8-fold enhancement compared with that achieved in neutral and basic electrolytes and was higher than the results reported by other studies. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) was produced by Co 3O 4 (450 ☌) in H 2SO 4 (pH 1). Evaluation of the PEC performance of the samples in KOH (pH 13), Na 2SO 4 (pH 6.7), and H 2SO 4 (pH 1) revealed that the highest photocurrent −2.3 mA cm −2 generated at −0.5 V vs. Microflowers (Co 3O 4) and microflowers with nanowire petals (Co 3O 4/CoO) were produced at 450 ☌ and 550 ☌, respectively. ![]() At various annealing temperatures, different morphologies and crystal phases of cobalt oxide were observed. An investigation into the physicochemical characteristics and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of the developed cobalt oxide thin film was comprehensively performed. Cobalt oxide thin films were successfully grown directly on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrates through a simple, green, and low-cost hydrothermal method. ![]()
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